Pronouns are the major part of a sentence as like a verb. It plays a vital role in a sentence, almost in every sentence you use a pronoun, therefore using pronouns correctly in your sentences is very important. In this article, we will review 10 kinds of Pronouns in English.
Also Read:
- 10 Kinds of Nouns With Definition and Examples
- 10 Kinds of Adjective in English
10 Kinds of Pronouns in English
Pronoun: A pronoun is a word that takes the place of a noun or group of nouns.
The noun or group of nouns that the pronoun takes the place of is called the antecedent.
- The boy said that he was tired.
In this example, the pronoun “he” is referring back to the noun (antecedent) “boy.” - Zahra called Ali and invited him to go skating with her.
In this sentence pronouns are ” him and her”.The antecedent of him = Ali andAntecedent of her = Zahra - Zahra called Ali and invited Ali to go skating with Zahra. = Awkward and repetitious
Kindsof Pronoun
1. Personal pronouns:
A personal pronoun refers to the person speaking, the person being spoken to, or the person or thing being spoken about.
Personal pronouns are divided into two groups: subjective and objective.
Subjective pronoun: A pronoun which acts as the subject in the sentence (he, she, it, I, we, you, they).
Objective pronoun: A pronoun that acts as the object in the sentence (him, her, it, me, us, you, them).
- The faster runner on the track team is she.
She = pronoun = subject complement.
Subject complement: Subject complement is a noun or pronoun that refers back to the subject of the verb and gives more information about the subject of the verb.When a pronoun is used as a subject complement it should be used as a subjective case.
Refers to the person speaking = (I, me, we, and us). Refers to the person speaking to = (you).Refers to the person or thing being spoken about = (he, him, she, her, it, they and them)
2. Interrogative pronouns:
Interrogative pronouns are pronouns that introduce a question.
(who, what, which, whom whose).
The question that interrogative pronoun introduces can be a direct question, in this case, the sentence will end with a question mark, and also it can be an indirect question.
- What do you know about the pronoun and its kind?
- Fatima asked Khalid what he knew about the pronoun and its kind.
Note: Difference between interrogative pronoun and interrogative adjective.
Interrogative pronouns are used to represent something of which the question is being asked.
Interrogative adjectives modify or else describe a noun.
- Whose are these books? = interrogative pronoun.
- Whose books are these? = interrogative adjective.
3. Indefinite Pronouns:
Indefinite pronouns are those pronouns that refer to an unspecified person, place, thing, or idea.
(all, anyone, both, each, anything, everybody, many, no one, some, someone, etc….)
- All are invited to tonight’s party.
- Everybody is welcome.
- Everybody has to take an examination in order to graduate.
- All of the seniors were excited about graduation.
4. Relative pronouns:
A relative pronoun is used to introduce a subordinate clause.
What is a clause? A group of words containing a subject and predicate sometimes give complete meaning sometimes doesn’t give a complete sense, and is divided into two groups:
Independent clause: An independent clause can stand alone as a sentence.
Subordinate clause: A subordinate clause can not stand alone as a sentence and it’s attached to the independent clause.
(Who, whom, whose, which and that)
Note: As you see some of these pronouns also appeared in the interrogative pronouns but it all depends on how they are used in the sentence.
Remember when they are used as relative pronouns they introduce a subordinate clause and relates a subordinate clause to something specific in the independent clause.
- That is the film which was directed by him.
- He is the man who came to my house yesterday.
Note: Remember do not mix relative pronouns with relative adjectives.
The adjective has a noun referent someplace (usually after it.) There are only two relative adjectives, which and what.
- He didn’t tell me what he was going to wear. = Relative pronoun.
- He didn’t tell me what suit he was going to wear. = Relative adjective.
5. Possessive pronouns:
Possessive pronouns are pronoun that shows the ownership.
(His, hers, its, mine, ours, yours, theirs.) A possessive pronoun is used to avoid repeating information that has already been made clear. These usefulpronounsmake sentences less confusing, as you’ll see when you read the following sentences containing examples of possessive pronouns.
- This ismy car,notyour car. (Sounds repetitive)
- This car ismine, notyours.
- I didn’t havemy bookso Ali lent mehis book. (Sounds repetitive)
- I didn’t have my book, so Ali lent mehis.
6. Reflexive Pronoun:
Reflexive pronouns are pronouns that are used to show that the subject of the sentence is receiving the action of the verb. (Himself, herself, itself, myself, yourself, ourselves and themselves). Read more about reflexive pronouns by clicking here: Reflexive pronouns
- She can handle the situation herself.
- They have to do their tasks themselves.
7. Intensive pronouns:
These pronouns are used only to place emphasis on the subject.
Note: These pronouns look the same as reflexive pronouns, but they act differently in the sentence and are always placed next to the subject that they are emphasizing. (Myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, themselves).
- You yourself must go to the police station.
- We ourselves will solve the problem.
8. Demonstrative Pronouns:
A demonstrative pronoun is apronounthat is used to point to something specific within a sentence.
These pronouns can indicate items in space or time, and they can be either singular or plural. (this, that, these, those, none, neither and such)
- This was my mother’s ring.
- These are nice sofas, but they look uncomfortable.
How to Use Demonstrative Pronouns?
Demonstrative pronouns always identify nouns, whether those nouns are named specifically or not.
- I can’t believe this.
- We have no idea what “this” is.
Demonstrative pronouns are usually used to describe animals, places, or things, however, they can be used to describe people when the person is identified.
- Thissounds like Haseena singing.
Note: Do not confuse demonstrative adjectives with demonstrative pronouns.
A demonstrative pronoun takes the place of the noun phrase in a sentence.
A demonstrative adjective is always followed by a noun in the sentence.
- These are my friend’s shoes. (Demonstrative Pronoun)
- These shoes are his. (Demonstrative Adjective)
9. Reciprocal pronouns:
Reciprocal pronouns are pronouns that are used to refer to a mutual set of people.
(Each other, each other’s, one another, one another’s).
- We need to help one another to survive.
- They had remembered each other’s phone numbers.
10. Distributive pronouns:
Distributive pronouns are those pronouns that point to persons, places, or things one at a time.
(Each, either and neither)
- Each of the students has done it.
- Either of you has done it.
- Neither of them has done it.
Note: A distributive pronoun is always singular and as such, it should be followed by a singular noun and verb.
- Neither question is easy. (Correct)
- Neither questions are easy (Incorrect)
Without pronouns, we would have to keep on repeating nouns, and that would make our speech and write awkward and repetitive, therefore you have to learn about the pronoun and its kinds to construct your sentence correctly. Please leave a comment below for any inquiries about the pronoun and its kind.
Related Articles:
- 12 Kinds of Verbs in English
- Kinds of Adverbs in English
- Kinds of Paragraphs
- Kinds of Conjunctions
