Abstract
Background
Metabolic diseases are associated with impaired renal function which accelerates chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of 16-week honey supplementation on renal function, metabolic acidosis and renal abnormalities in Wistar rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD).
Methods
Wistar rats were fed a HFD and sucrose (30%) solution and randomly grouped and treated. Group 1 was fed rat chow and treated with drinking water while groups 2, 3, 4 and 5 were fed a HFD and treated with drinking water, 1, 2 and 3 g/kg body weight (BW) of honey, respectively, once daily for 16 weeks. After the rats were sacrificed, the serum samples were obtained and used for the analysis of total cholesterol, urea, creatinine, sodium, potassium, calcium, bicarbonates and chloride ions. Histopathological examinations of the kidneys were performed.
Results
The serum creatinine and anion gap levels were significantly (p < 0.01) higher while the levels of serum total calcium and ionized fraction were significantly (p < 0.01) lower in HFD-fed control rats than in chow-fed rats. The kidney of HFD-fed control rats was characterized by tubular necrosis, glomerular atrophy, hemorrhage and severe focal aggregate inflammatory (FAIC) cells. Honey treatment (1, 2 or 3 g/kg BW) prevented elevations in serum creatinine while it restored serum levels of total calcium and ionized calcium towards those in rats fed chow only. All the three doses of honey also significantly (p < 0.01) reduced anion gap and ameliorated renal lesions. Honey treatment (2 g/kg BW) significantly (p < 0.05) increased bicarbonate and chloride ion in HFD-fed rats compared with HFD-fed control rats.
Conclusions
Sixteen-week honey supplementation ameliorates renal dysfunction, metabolic acidosis and renal morphological abnormalities in HFD-fed Wistar rats.
Author contributions: All authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission.
Research funding: None declared.
Employment or leadership: None declared.
Honorarium: None declared.
Competing interests: Authors state no conflict of interest.
Ethical approval: Research related to animals’ use has complied with all the relevant national regulations and institutional policies for the care and use of animals (Approval number: EBSU/DRIC/UREC/Vol. 04/005).
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As an expert in the field of metabolic diseases and renal function, my extensive knowledge allows me to provide a comprehensive analysis of the study titled "Sixteen-week honey supplementation ameliorates renal dysfunction, metabolic acidosis and renal morphological abnormalities in HFD-fed Wistar rats." This study investigates the impact of honey supplementation on renal function, metabolic acidosis, and renal abnormalities in Wistar rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD).
Key Concepts in the Article:
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Background:
- Metabolic diseases are linked to impaired renal function, which accelerates the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD).
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Objective:
- The aim is to examine the effects of a 16-week honey supplementation on renal function, metabolic acidosis, and renal abnormalities in rats subjected to a high-fat diet.
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Methods:
- Wistar rats were divided into groups and treated with different doses of honey along with a high-fat diet.
- Serum samples were analyzed for various parameters, including total cholesterol, urea, creatinine, sodium, potassium, calcium, bicarbonates, and chloride ions.
- Histopathological examinations of the kidneys were performed.
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Results:
- HFD-fed rats exhibited elevated serum creatinine and anion gap levels, along with lower levels of total calcium and ionized calcium.
- Renal abnormalities in HFD-fed rats included tubular necrosis, glomerular atrophy, hemorrhage, and severe focal aggregate inflammatory (FAIC) cells.
- Honey supplementation (1, 2, or 3 g/kg body weight) prevented the increase in serum creatinine, restored calcium levels, and mitigated renal lesions.
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Conclusions:
- Sixteen-week honey supplementation showed positive effects in ameliorating renal dysfunction, metabolic acidosis, and renal morphological abnormalities in HFD-fed Wistar rats.
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Author Contributions and Ethical Approval:
- All authors have taken responsibility for the entire content of the manuscript, and ethical approval was obtained for the research involving animals.
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References:
- The article cites relevant references supporting the background and context of the study.
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No Conflicts of Interest or Funding Declared:
- The authors declare no conflicts of interest or financial support related to the research.
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Key References:
- References in the article include studies on the association between age and nephrosclerosis, prevalence of chronic kidney disease, and the impact of diet on kidney health.
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Honey as a Therapeutic Agent:
- Previous studies mentioned in the references highlight the potential benefits of honey in addressing hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, and oxidative stress.
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Oligosaccharides in Honey:
- The review suggests that oligosaccharides in honey may contribute to its antidiabetic effects.
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Prebiotic Activity of Honey Oligosaccharides:
- In vitro investigations indicate that honey oligosaccharides may possess prebiotic activity.
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Impact on Body Weight and Adiposity:
- Other studies referenced discuss the effect of honey on body weight, body mass index, and adiposity in high-fat diet-fed rats.
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Consideration of Metabolic Acidosis:
- The study emphasizes the importance of addressing metabolic acidosis in the progression of chronic kidney disease.
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Clinical Implications:
- The findings have potential clinical implications for individuals with metabolic diseases, especially those at risk of kidney dysfunction.
In summary, the study provides valuable insights into the potential therapeutic effects of honey supplementation in mitigating renal dysfunction and metabolic abnormalities associated with a high-fat diet in rats. The comprehensive approach, including biochemical analysis and histopathological examinations, strengthens the credibility of the findings.
