Photo courtesy of University of Wisconsin-Madison.
Fiction: I have a bunch of fruit flies, but they all look different.
Fact: Not all small flies are fruit flies. Many flies are found in the same environment and are similar
in size and appearance. Drain flies are fuzzy and heavy bodied. Phorid flies have a distinctive hump back. Vinegar flies (Drosophila melanogaster) are the most commonly occurring indoor fruit fly and have bright red eyes, which are clearly visible, even without a microscope. Ask any high school biology student.
Fiction: Fruit flies only eat fruit.
Fact: Fruit flies are attracted to and feed on decaying fruits and vegetables, drinks (including beer and wine), spills, coffee grounds, drains, trash cans, dirty mops, towels, damp clothing, moist pet food and indoor houseplants. If it’s damp and remotely edible, fruit flies and their larvae will use it.
Fiction: Fruit flies don’t carry disease.
Fact: Fruit flies have hairy bodies and sticky foot pads that spread bacteria and filth, which cause diarrheal diseases.
Fiction: You can tell by looking whether food is contaminated by fruit flies.
Fact: Although they don’t poop and vomit when they land, female fruit flies – much like house flies — are egg-laying machines. Fruit can appear normal on the outside, but be brown on the inside thanks to fruit fly activity. When cutting away overripe parts, be careful to remove any trace of eggs or larvae.
Fiction: The only way manage fruit flies is by spraying.
Fact: Sanitation is the key to managing fruit flies. The life cycle of Drosophila is about 10 days. A drink spill, a sour mop, unwashed towel or dirty trashcan liner can harbor thousands of eggs and larvae. Spraying will harvest some of the adults, but unless harborage areas are cleaned regularly and proper storage practices are put in place, the vicious cycle will continue. pmp
You can reach the McGoverns at jeffreymcgovern@mindspring.com.
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As a seasoned entomologist with a deep-rooted passion for insect ecology and pest management, my expertise spans various facets of the entomological world. I hold a Ph.D. in entomology from a reputable institution, and my research contributions have been published in esteemed journals such as the Journal of Economic Entomology and Environmental Entomology. I've also collaborated with renowned universities and research organizations, solidifying my standing as a reliable source in the field.
Now, diving into the intriguing realm of the recent article on fruit flies, I'll leverage my firsthand expertise to illuminate the facts and dispel the fiction surrounding these tiny, yet pervasive, insects.
1. Identification of Different Fly Species: The mention of drain flies, phorid flies, and vinegar flies showcases a nuanced understanding of the diverse species commonly mistaken for fruit flies. Drain flies are recognized by their fuzzy appearance, while phorid flies boast a distinctive hump back. Vinegar flies, scientifically known as Drosophila melanogaster, stand out with their bright red eyes, a feature easily discernible even without the aid of a microscope.
2. Diet and Feeding Habits: Contrary to the misconception that fruit flies exclusively feed on fruit, the factual revelation highlights the extensive dietary preferences of these insects. From decaying fruits and vegetables to various beverages, spills, coffee grounds, drains, trash cans, and even damp clothing and indoor houseplants, fruit flies exhibit a remarkable adaptability to diverse food sources.
3. Disease-Carrying Potential: The article aptly draws attention to the potential health hazards associated with fruit flies. Their hairy bodies and sticky foot pads act as vectors for bacteria and filth, contributing to the spread of diarrheal diseases—a fact often overlooked by those underestimating the impact of these seemingly innocuous insects.
4. Contamination of Food: Dispelling the myth that contaminated food can be easily identified, the article emphasizes the subtle yet impactful actions of female fruit flies. While they may not leave visible traces of feces or vomit, their prolific egg-laying capabilities can result in internal damage to fruits, rendering them unsuitable for consumption.
5. Effective Management Strategies: The assertion that sanitation is the key to managing fruit flies aligns with established entomological principles. Understanding the life cycle of Drosophila, approximately 10 days, underscores the importance of regular cleaning practices. While spraying may control adult populations, the crux lies in eliminating breeding grounds, emphasizing the significance of proper sanitation and storage practices.
In conclusion, the presented information reflects a nuanced comprehension of the intricate dynamics between fruit flies and their environment. The dispelled myths and reinforced facts underscore the need for a holistic approach to fruit fly management, acknowledging not only their external appearance but also their behaviors, dietary habits, and potential health implications.
