Hydrogen bonds in water (article) | Khan Academy (2024)

The structure of water molecules and how they can interact to form hydrogen bonds.

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  • Andrea

    9 months agoPosted 9 months ago. Direct link to Andrea's post “Could someone explain wha...”

    Could someone explain what a polar molecule and bond are? I'm not great at science in general, so I don't understand what a polar molecule is and why water is a polar covalent bond is.

    (14 votes)

    • Jamie

      9 months agoPosted 9 months ago. Direct link to Jamie's post “a bond is when 2 or more ...”

      Hydrogen bonds in water (article) | Khan Academy (4)

      Hydrogen bonds in water (article) | Khan Academy (5)

      Hydrogen bonds in water (article) | Khan Academy (6)

      a bond is when 2 or more elements combine chemically and create a molecule. Elements bond either by sharing or transferring electrons. When a bond is formed by sharing electrons, it's called a covalent bond. sometimes the electrons in a covalent bond are shared unequally which causes some parts of the molecule to be partially positive and other parts to be partially negative. When this happens, its called a polar molecule. In water, the oxygen atom gets the electrons more frequently than the two hydrogens because of unequal sharing. This causes the side of the molecule with the oxygen to be partially negative and the side with the hydrogens to be partially positive, making water a polar covalent molecule. hopefully that helps :)

      (117 votes)

  • Hi Nice to meet you

    7 years agoPosted 7 years ago. Direct link to Hi Nice to meet you's post “what is used to break hyd...”

    what is used to break hydrogen bonds in water?

    (27 votes)

    • Aliyah

      7 years agoPosted 7 years ago. Direct link to Aliyah's post “In addition to heating wa...”

      Hydrogen bonds in water (article) | Khan Academy (10)

      Hydrogen bonds in water (article) | Khan Academy (11)

      In addition to heating water, you can use an electric current. Check out splitting water experiments online.

      (27 votes)

  • Anastasia Stampoulis

    8 years agoPosted 8 years ago. Direct link to Anastasia Stampoulis's post “What is a partial positiv...”

    What is a partial positive or partial negative charge ?

    (14 votes)

    • Dovid Shaw

      8 years agoPosted 8 years ago. Direct link to Dovid Shaw's post “When one atom "shares" an...”

      Hydrogen bonds in water (article) | Khan Academy (15)

      Hydrogen bonds in water (article) | Khan Academy (16)

      When one atom "shares" an electron with another atom to form a molecule, the atom with higher electronegativety (electron-greedy) will keep the shared electrons closer to itself than to the partner-atom. Since one atom gained an electron and keeps it near itself, the atom receives a "partial negative charge." It isn't fully charged because the molecule is neutral due to its balance of negative and positive regions.
      p.s. More electrons = negative charge, fewer electrons = positive charge.

      (45 votes)

  • yuvalboek1971

    6 years agoPosted 6 years ago. Direct link to yuvalboek1971's post “Is every hydrophilic mole...”

    Is every hydrophilic molecule polar?

    (7 votes)

    • tyersome

      6 years agoPosted 6 years ago. Direct link to tyersome's post “That is generally a safe ...”

      Hydrogen bonds in water (article) | Khan Academy (20)

      That is generally a safe assumption, but should not be regarded as a "law".

      An example that doesn't fit this rule perfectly is CO₂, which is non-polar, but still somewhat soluble in water — this is in part because it reacts with water, but also because of weak effects due to the presence of polar bonds within this non-polar molecule.

      Also, note that hydrophilicity and polarity are both continua, so there are many molecules that are in the middle of both of these scales.

      There are also many polyatomic ions (not formally molecules since they have charges) that are very hydrophilic, but also completely non-polar because they are symmetrical. Examples include: ammonium (NH₄⁺), sulfate (SO₄²¯), carbonate (CO₃²¯), and oxalate (C₂O₄²¯).

      It is also worth remembering that single atom ions (e.g.s Na⁺, Cl¯, Mg²⁺) are hydrophilic but not polar.

      (13 votes)

  • Chadislav

    8 years agoPosted 8 years ago. Direct link to Chadislav's post “ "This gives the oxygen e...”

    "This gives the oxygen end of the water molecule a partial negative charge, while the hydrogen end has a partial negative charge" it should be "...hydrogen end has a partial POSITIVE charge"

    (12 votes)

  • ~Mŷʂţīqūę|Şħâɗōŵ~

    9 months agoPosted 9 months ago. Direct link to ~Mŷʂţīqūę|Şħâɗōŵ~'s post “am confused why is oil hy...”

    am confused why is oil hydrophobic?

    (5 votes)

    • agoneil2024

      9 months agoPosted 9 months ago. Direct link to agoneil2024's post “Oil is hydrophobic, becau...”

      Hydrogen bonds in water (article) | Khan Academy (26)

      Oil is hydrophobic, because it is a nonpolar molecule. Thus, they will not have the same attraction, as a polar molecule.

      (14 votes)

  • priscillaiscool12

    8 years agoPosted 8 years ago. Direct link to priscillaiscool12's post “how does water come aroun...”

    how does water come around the cycle

    (6 votes)

    • Sarah Wouters

      8 years agoPosted 8 years ago. Direct link to Sarah Wouters's post “The water cycle, in the s...”

      Hydrogen bonds in water (article) | Khan Academy (30)

      The water cycle, in the simplest form, is evaporation, condensation, and precipitation.
      Evaporation: When the temperature raises high enough, the water particles begin to move faster and gain more kinetic energy. As they move faster, the particles spread out in all directions. This spreading converts the water into a gas, or water vapor.
      Condensation: The temperature slowly or slightly drops to where the water vapor's particles begin to slow. The decrease in speed makes the particles come closer together, making small droplets.
      Precipitation: When the droplet or cloud gets full with water, the density makes the water fall, making it rain. If the temperature is cold enough, the rain droplets will freeze as the particles slow, making snow.

      I hope that helps!

      (12 votes)

  • Zesun

    4 years agoPosted 4 years ago. Direct link to Zesun's post “Every Organism is 60 to 7...”

    Every Organism is 60 to 70 percent water . Then Why am I not fluid? Why my bones Are Solid?

    (7 votes)

    • rbarathshankar

      4 years agoPosted 4 years ago. Direct link to rbarathshankar's post “Most of your cells are fi...”

      Most of your cells are filled with cytosol, which is water. Your bones are made from cells called osteoblast, they arent cells, but a type of cement made by these cells. Your epidermis (skin) holds all the water in you together. Your blood cells have water, your muscles have water, your neurons have, water. Most of you is water. I hope that makes sense and helps :)

      (7 votes)

  • Pardhu Kaknuri

    8 years agoPosted 8 years ago. Direct link to Pardhu Kaknuri's post “what is the reason to bon...”

    what is the reason to bond

    (7 votes)

    • Farhath

      7 years agoPosted 7 years ago. Direct link to Farhath's post “Polar molecules, such as ...”

      Polar molecules, such as water molecules, have a weak, partial negative charge at one region of the molecule (the oxygen atom in water) and a partial positive charge elsewhere -(the hydrogen atoms in water). Thus, when water molecules are close together, their positive and negative regions are attracted to the oppositely-charged regions of nearby molecules which makes it bond! and even the answer- to become neutral is also correct! for more information visit-http://www.biology-pages.info/H/HydrogenBonds.html

      (5 votes)

  • Voldigoat27

    6 months agoPosted 6 months ago. Direct link to Voldigoat27's post “What is polarity in water...”

    What is polarity in water molecules?

    (6 votes)

    • Adarsh

      6 months agoPosted 6 months ago. Direct link to Adarsh's post “polarity means one side i...”

      polarity means one side is negative and the other side is positive

      (7 votes)

Hydrogen bonds in water (article) | Khan Academy (2024)

FAQs

What do hydrogen bonds do in water? ›

Cohesion: Hydrogen Bonds Make Water Sticky

In the case of water, hydrogen bonds form between neighboring hydrogen and oxygen atoms of adjacent water molecules. The attraction between individual water molecules creates a bond known as a hydrogen bond.

What is the structure of water Khan Academy? ›

A water molecule consists of two hydrogen atoms bonded to an oxygen atom, and its overall structure is bent. This is because the oxygen atom, in addition to forming bonds with the hydrogen atoms, also carries two pairs of unshared electrons. All of the electron pairs—shared and unshared—repel each other.

How do hydrogen bonds form in water IB Biology? ›

Attraction between water molecules forms a hydrogen bond and forms when a hydrogen atom in one polar molecule is attracted to the slightly negative oxygen atom in the other molecule. A water molecule consists of an oxygen atom covalently bound to two hydrogen atoms.

What is hydrogen bonding pdf? ›

Hydrogen bond is non-covalent intermolecular interactions between an electron deficient hydrogen nucleus and a region of high electron density, It is defined as an attractive interaction (X-H---Y) between a hydrogen atom from a molecular fragment X-H in which X is more electronegative than H, and an atom (Y) or a group ...

What are the consequences of hydrogen bonding in water? ›

Hydrogen bonding causes water to remain liquid over a wide temperature range. As it takes extra energy to break hydrogen bonds, water has an unusually high heat of vaporization. Water has a much higher boiling point than other hydrides.

Why is H2O not a hydrogen bond? ›

In water, each hydrogen nucleus is covalently bound to the central oxygen atom by a pair of electrons that are shared between them. In H2O, only two of the six outer-shell electrons of oxygen are used for this purpose, leaving four electrons which are organized into two non-bonding pairs.

How to break hydrogen bonds in water? ›

Hydrogen bond is very weak bond with compare to covalent bond . So we can easily break hydrogen bond by supplying heat energy . The amount of heat energy is required to break per mole of hydrogen bond is 10 kJ- 40 kJ .

What is a hydrogen bond in simple terms? ›

Hydrogen Bonding. Hydrogen bonding is a special type of dipole-dipole attraction between molecules, not a covalent bond to a hydrogen atom. It results from the attractive force between a hydrogen atom covalently bonded to a very electronegative atom such as a N, O, or F atom and another very electronegative atom.

Are hydrogen bonds strong? ›

Hydrogen bonds are a strong type of dipole-dipole interaction. As a Rule of Thumb, they are weaker than covalent and ionic ("intramolecular") bonds", but stronger than most dipole-dipole interactions.

What are the importance of hydrogen bonds? ›

Hydrogen bonds provide many of the critical, life-sustaining properties of water and also stabilize the structures of proteins and DNA, the building block of cells. Hydrogen bonds occur in inorganic molecules, such as water, and organic molecules, such as DNA and proteins.

How do hydrogen bonds give water its unique chemical properties? ›

Water molecules are polar, so they form hydrogen bonds. This gives water unique properties, such as a polarity, solvency, cohesion, adhesion, high specific heat, and the ability to be a buffering agent. A solution is a hom*ogeneous mixture in which a solute dissolves in a solvent.

How do hydrogen bonds make water a solvent? ›

Water molecules have a polar arrangement of oxygen and hydrogen atoms—one side (hydrogen) has a positive electrical charge and the other side (oxygen) had a negative charge. This allows the water molecule to become attracted to many other different types of molecules.

What are hydrogen bonds in water? ›

In the case of water, hydrogen bonds form between neighboring hydrogen and oxygen atoms of adjacent water molecules. The attraction between individual water molecules creates a bond known as a hydrogen bond.

Which is more denser, ice or water? ›

Ice is less denser than water because in ice the molecules arrange themselves in a rigid tetrahedral structure due to which cage like spaces remain in their bonding. But water molecules remain in linear bonding form. As the volume of ice becomes greater, it is less denser.

What is the most important role of hydrogen bonding between water molecules? ›

High surface tension: This is the ability of water to form a film on top of a surface. It is due to the hydrogen bonds between water molecules, which prevent them from easily separating. High surface tension is why water can form beads on a leaf or why insects can walk on water.

How does hydrogen bonding affect water's density? ›

The extra hydrogen bonds that occur when water freezes increase the space between molecules, causing a decrease in overall density. In fact, each water ice molecule forms hydrogen bonds with four other molecules, while water molecules only form hydrogen bonds with an average of 3.4 other molecules.

What is the role of the hydrogen bond in water quizlet? ›

In water, the weak bond formed by the attraction of opposite charges between hydrogen and oxygen from another molecule. What does hydrogen bonding help hold together? Hydrogen bonding help hold together many large molecules, such as proteins weak bond.

What is the role of hydrogen bonds in surface tension? ›

These bonds are referred to as hydrogen bonds, which engender robust cohesive forces among water molecules, ultimately resulting in the high surface tension observed in water.

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