Risk of a global recession is minimal, IMF economist says — would take 'a lot to derail' (2024)

Risk of a global recession is minimal, IMF economist says — would take 'a lot to derail' (1)

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IMF's Gourinchas: See Fed cutting three times in 2024

One of the International Monetary Fund's top economists signals little risk of a global recession, despite the ongoing rumblings of geopolitical uncertainty.

The Washington DC-based institute this week nudged its global growth outlook slightly higher to 3.2% in 2024 and projects the same rate in 2025.

"When we do the risk assessment around that baseline, the chances that we would have something like a global recession is fairly minimal. At this point, it will take a lot to derail this economy. So there has been tremendous resilience in terms of growth prospects," Pierre-Olivier Gourinchas, economic counsellor and director of the research department at the IMF, told CNBC's Karen Tso on Tuesday at the group's meeting in New York.

The "set of good news" includes strong economic performance by the U.S. and several emerging market economies, along with inflation falling faster than expected until recently despite weaker growth in Europe, Gourinchas said.

Risk of a global recession is minimal, IMF economist says — would take 'a lot to derail' (2)

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VIDEO3:3503:35

A spillover of Middle East tensions is a big geopolitical risk, says IMF's Gita Gopinath

There is divergence within Europe, he added, with the IMF downgrading its growth forecasts for Germany, France and Italy, but taking them higher for Spain, Portugal, Belgium and the U.K.

Growth forecasts since fall last year have had to factor in increased geopolitical instability, with tensions in the Middle East looming over the oil market, while Israel's war with Palestinian militant group Hamas in the Gaza Strip led to disruptions in shipping routes in the Red Sea, by way of maritime attacks from Yemeni Houthis. That has all combined with the ongoing Russia-Ukraine war, which had its biggest wider impact on energy prices in Europe in 2022.

Oil prices increasing significantly and persistently throughout 2024 and further disruption to shipments between Asia and Europe would fuel inflation in 2024, Gourinchas noted, which would then cause central banks to hold rates higher for longer and weigh on global growth.

Economic Counsellor and Director of the Research Department Pierre-Olivier Gourinchas makes a statement during the presentation of the World Economic Outlook at the International Monetary Fund during the 2024 Spring Meetings of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank Group in Washington DC, United States on April 16, 2024.

Celal Gunes | Anadolu | Getty Images

By the IMF's estimate, a consistent rise in oil prices of around 15% in 2024 would push up global inflation by around 0.7%, though the value of the commodity has so far proved relatively stable even through the recent spike in Israel-Iran tensions.

Despite the positivity of the latest forecast, Gita Gopinath, the IMF's deputy managing director, told CNBC on Tuesday she assessed geopolitical risks as a "big concern."

"We have somehow managed the situation so far, and we're not seeing big spillovers from the Middle East. But that is not a given. And that's one of the big risks that we do see, the implications that could have for oil prices could be substantial. If the conflict were to escalate, become much bigger conflict," she said.

Risk of a global recession is minimal, IMF economist says — would take 'a lot to derail' (2024)

FAQs

Risk of a global recession is minimal, IMF economist says — would take 'a lot to derail'? ›

“When we do the risk assessment around that baseline, the chances that we would have something like a global recession is fairly minimal. At this point, it will take a lot to derail this economy.

How does the IMF define global recession? ›

It is a sustained period when economic output falls and unemployment rises.

What are the odds of a global recession in 2024? ›

Global recession outlook

There is now a 35% chance that the global economy will enter a recession by the end of 2024, and a 45% chance that it will do so by the end of 2025.

What is the recession risk probability? ›

US Recession Probability (I:USRPEM)

US Recession Probability is at 61.79%, compared to 56.29% last month and 60.83% last year. This is higher than the long term average of 14.96%.

What happens if there is a global recession? ›

A global recession is an extended period of economic decline around the world. A global recession involves more or less synchronized recessions across many national economies, as trade relations and international financial systems transmit economic shocks and the impact of recession from one country to another.

What does the IMF do in global financial crisis? ›

The IMF provides supplemental reserve facility (SRF) assistance to meet short-term financing on a large scale. An example of this was when the loss of investor confidence during the Asian financial crisis of 1997 caused enormous outflows of money and led to massive IMF financing.

What is the main cause of global recession? ›

A recession can also be triggered by a country's decision to reduce inflation by employing contractionary monetary or fiscal policies. When used excessively, such policies can lead to a decline in demand for goods and services, eventually resulting in a recession.

Who is most at risk during recession? ›

A recession is “a significant decline in economic activity spread across the economy, lasting more than a few months.” Industries affected most include retail, restaurants, travel/tourism, leisure/hospitality, service purveyors, real estate, & manufacturing/warehouse.

Who is safe in a recession? ›

Financial advisors and accountants are recession proof businesses because they offer essential services that individuals and businesses need, regardless of the economic conditions. For example, during a recession, people and businesses may face financial challenges such as budgeting, debt management, and tax planning.

Is the US going into a recession? ›

US is currently looking on the verge of a major recession, if reports are to be believed. Economists are currently showing a downward slide in the US economy, based on the latest jobs data.

What happens to your money in the bank during a recession? ›

Your money will not be lost. It is usually transferred to another bank with FDIC insurance, or you'll receive a check.

What do people spend money on in a recession? ›

People tend to continue spending money on their pets, including products, medical services and grooming, even during tough times. People still wear clothes during recessions. Clothing, underwear, socks and shoes wear out. If your business carries necessary clothing items, it will likely do OK in tough times.

Do things get cheaper in a recession? ›

Because people have less money to spend, demand falls, taking the prices of many goods and services with it.

What is considered a global recession? ›

A global recession is a recession that affects many countries around the world—that is, a period of global economic slowdown or declining economic output. Countries by real GDP growth rate (2009) Countries by real GDP growth rate (2014) Number of countries having a banking crisis in each year since 1800.

What is the NBER definition of a recession? ›

The NBER's definition emphasizes that a recession involves a significant decline in economic activity that is spread across the economy and lasts more than a few months. In our interpretation of this definition, we treat the three criteria—depth, diffusion, and duration—as somewhat interchangeable.

How does IMF define economic globalization? ›

Globalization—the process through which an increasingly free flow of ideas, people, goods, services, and capital leads to the integration of economies and societies—is often viewed as an irreversible force, which is being imposed upon the world by some countries and institutions such as the IMF and the World Bank.

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